Why I am Not a Skeptic about the External World an Example by

Why I am Not a Skeptic about the External World The question why one can become skeptical about the external world entails two things. First is that it entails that there is an idea of an external world. Second is that it entails that there is a perceiving object or thing which grows skeptical about the external world. With the first implication, it can be said that for one to become skeptical about something, that something would have to be first an idea, or that there should be an idea of that something which the skepticism is about. This, however, does not guarantee nor propose that the idea would have to correspond to an actual object although we are tempted to argue for that in the following paragraphs. Need essay sample on "Why I am Not a Skeptic about the External World" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed On the other hand, skepticism roots from the ability of the mind to be skeptical. As Rene Descartes once said, I think, therefore, I am. A doubting mind is already proof in itself that there is a mind, and that mind is the mind which doubts whatever it is that it finds doubtful. Hence, there ought to be no question if there is a mind or otherwise precisely because the capacity to question and doubt, to begin with, tells us that there is a doubting mind. As a consequence, the question of skepticism towards the external world implies that the mind is skeptical about the world that is not within it, or the world that is outside of it. From the point of view of the skeptic, it may be argued that there is no outside world and the only thing that exists is the mind. That is, the mind is all that there is, and that everything that the mind perceives is the product of our mental functions. From our daily experiences in our homes to our visual sensations, all of these things are mere products of the mind as a skeptic may argue. I believe that there is an external world and that I am not skeptical about it. However, it does not mean that I do not believe that there are certain errors that our senses encounter. It may be the case that we tend to confuse the reality of certain objects given the often failure of our senses, such as the case of mirages where our eyes are deceived by what is presented before it. Nonetheless, it only goes to show that, at the least, our senses are functioning, although its functions may sometimes become erroneous. The failure of our senses and even our minds to experience, understand and explain things does not, however, guarantee that there is no external world after all. While there may be instances when our minds, even from a collective standpoint if individuals, have collectively failed to comprehend certain things, it does not mean that there is nothing outside of it simply because the mind failed to comprehend. The fact that there are other minds comprehending many other things in the world entails that there, too, are existent spatial and temporal objects which, the other perceiving minds just being a few of them. Perhaps indeed the skepticism towards an external world is caused by the failure of the mind to comprehend things. Perhaps because the mind is unable to discern some of the mysteries in this life we are led to believe already that there is no such thing as an external world, and that the so-called external world is only the product of the mind. Yet is it really the case that all these things are just mental products and, hence, there is no actual external world when all along we grow with life and acquire new experiences each day? That is to say that our lives begin from being a fetus, to an infant, until we reach the point of adulthood. If indeed everything is just a product of our mental faculties, then it follows that from the time since we already have the minds to think and comprehend everything else must be already within our minds. As we grow, it may only be the case that we begin to gradually realize all that the things contained in our minds, and that eventually there is no external world. But then again, it can hardly be the case that the mind contains within it all the things in the world, or all the ideas in the world, so that we begin to think or become skeptic that there is no external world. If the mind already contains all the ideas in the world, would it be of no use anymore to have experiences, and that we can only arrive some time in the future to realize what we know all along? Of course, experiences share a crucial part in the development of our understanding, our understanding of our selves and of the world notwithstanding. Without these experiences, one can hardly have a grasp of reality, like that of a child locked in a room since birth and deprived of the opportunity to interact with others unable to comprehend the things around him. We do not experience just through our own. That is, we experience what we experience through the external world, through the world outside of the mind for the mind is not an entity confined on looking on its own. Rather, the mind is also an entity which looks outside of it as we extend our sensory perceptions outwards and absorb the perceptions brought by the external objects. I am not a skeptic of the external world even though Berkeley believes that matter does not exist and that everything that may exist is merely a mind or something which depends on a perceiving mind for its existence. It is indeed scary to think that matter does not exist if we are to believe Berkeley precisely because the brain wouldnt exist and that, since brains do not exist, the mind would not exist under any given circumstance. I would not have been able to type this and the reader would not be reading this essay as well. Yet I have written this and I fully comprehend what I am doing, my mind is functioning and that I do not doubt that I have a mind, much as the reader, too, has a mind. Matter is a small part of the external world, giving concrete form to objects like our body which inevitably makes possible for the mind. Our minds are only a part of the external world although each mind has in it its own sets if understandings and ways of comprehending the external world. Reference Descartes, R. Meditations on First Philosophy.

Free Essays on Life Experiences And The Effects They Have On Writings

Life Experiences and the Effects they have on Writings Disciples of New Criticism claim that an author and their background have no bearing on the interpretations of the author’s work. Walt Whitman and Langston Hughes are just two examples, of many, why New Criticism should be disputed. The works of Whitman and Hughes are filled with experiences from their pasts that can be found both directly and indirectly in their poems. Were it not for the experiences that these two authors had during their lives many, if not all, of the passion that they put into their poetry would have been lost or compromised. In â€Å"Cavalry Crossing a Ford† Walt Whitman draws on many life experiences that provide both realism and conviction to the poem. The poem indicates that a group of Northern soldiers are crossing a stream after a victorious battle during the Civil War. Whitman is able to give an accurate description of these events because during the war â€Å"Whitman was overcome with the carnage he beheld and settled in Washington, D.C., where for the duration of the war he ministered without pay to sick and wounded soldiers† (Olsen-Smith). â€Å"Cavalry Crossing a Ford† is not only about the North winning the Civil War, it is also about Whitman’s views on what the country has allowed itself to become. Being from the North it is only natural that Whitman would write about the soldiers that he witnesses go into battle. While he never comes out and says â€Å"Cavalry Crossing a Ford† is written about the soldiers of the Union, Whitman makes it clear that the soldiers from the North are the subjects of the poem. It does not become clear that these are the people Whitman is writing about until the end of the poem, when he says of them, â€Å"Some emerge on the opposite bank, others are just entering the ford – while, / Scarlet and blue and snowy white, / The guidon flags flutter gaily in the wind† (Whitman Lines 5-7). The colors that Whitman s... Free Essays on Life Experiences And The Effects They Have On Writings Free Essays on Life Experiences And The Effects They Have On Writings Life Experiences and the Effects they have on Writings Disciples of New Criticism claim that an author and their background have no bearing on the interpretations of the author’s work. Walt Whitman and Langston Hughes are just two examples, of many, why New Criticism should be disputed. The works of Whitman and Hughes are filled with experiences from their pasts that can be found both directly and indirectly in their poems. Were it not for the experiences that these two authors had during their lives many, if not all, of the passion that they put into their poetry would have been lost or compromised. In â€Å"Cavalry Crossing a Ford† Walt Whitman draws on many life experiences that provide both realism and conviction to the poem. The poem indicates that a group of Northern soldiers are crossing a stream after a victorious battle during the Civil War. Whitman is able to give an accurate description of these events because during the war â€Å"Whitman was overcome with the carnage he beheld and settled in Washington, D.C., where for the duration of the war he ministered without pay to sick and wounded soldiers† (Olsen-Smith). â€Å"Cavalry Crossing a Ford† is not only about the North winning the Civil War, it is also about Whitman’s views on what the country has allowed itself to become. Being from the North it is only natural that Whitman would write about the soldiers that he witnesses go into battle. While he never comes out and says â€Å"Cavalry Crossing a Ford† is written about the soldiers of the Union, Whitman makes it clear that the soldiers from the North are the subjects of the poem. It does not become clear that these are the people Whitman is writing about until the end of the poem, when he says of them, â€Å"Some emerge on the opposite bank, others are just entering the ford – while, / Scarlet and blue and snowy white, / The guidon flags flutter gaily in the wind† (Whitman Lines 5-7). The colors that Whitman s...

Causes of the Civil War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Causes of the Civil War - Essay Example The North and the South regions of the country were very different from each other in economic sphere. While the northern regions were industrial developed and people living there "earned their living producing iron, steel, machinery, and cloth in factories" (American History - Overview), the southern part of the USA was oriented to agricultural goods production. Since Missouri Compromise of 1820 the territory of the country had been divided into two parts: industrialised North and agricultural South. The Northern states used paid workers labor who worked in different branches of industry while Southern states used slaves' labor; slaves worked in plantations growing cotton, rice, tobacco and sugar. Such differences between the two parts of the country are the main cause of the Civil War. This development disproportion goes back to the early 1800s when "the Northern states were rapidly becoming industrialized. The population of Northern cities increased" (American History - Overview). Such disproportion resulted in irreconcilable contradictions between the North and the South, and these contradictions in turn resulted in the Civil War between the North and the South. There are also two indirect causes of the Civil War. These are slavery and states' rights. ... Slavery adherents argued that slavery was economically profitable and not wrong. But many slaves didn't want to suffer from their masters' exploitation and fought against it. Some of them came to the North where people had possibility to be paid for their work. Against those who ran away from their masters strict measures were initiated1. But in the same time many slaves took their position for granted considering that it is their destiny and they would be awarded after death. In the 1800s some states of the Southern part of the United States "argued that it was the right of the state to decide whether or not to allow slavery. This right and others are sometimes referred to as 'states' rights.'" (American History - Overview). From this point of view the following documents are especially interesting: these are William H. Seward's Irrepressible Conflict Speech and "Houses Divided" Speech by Abraham Lincoln. William H. Seward, democrat, convicted slavery asserting that "The slave system is one of constant danger, distrust, suspicion, and watchfulness. It debases those whose toil alone can produce wealth and resources for defense, to the lowest degree of which human nature is capable..." (William H. Seward, 1858). He gives examples of slavery in different countries and epochs, such as in Russia, Turkey and some others. He underlines that slavery cannot exist in democratic countries: "In states where the free-labor system prevails, universal suffrage necessari ly obtains, and the state inevitably becomes, sooner or later, a republic or democracy" (William H. Seward, 1858). Abraham Lincoln, republican, was more decisive. He appealed to refuse from slavery and points out that it is impossible for one country

Business law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business law - Assignment Example In this context, what LaMance points out is relevant. According to him, a hotel has to take a set of legal measures to avoid liability. If the hotel management fails to take adequate measures to ensure the safety of its guests, then the hotel management would be held liable for its negligent acts. First, the hotel management should be able to anticipate possible safety threats within the hotel environment. If the hotel is really aware of the degree of intensity of criminal acts, it can take adequate safety measures to address those issues. As LakMance proposes, the hotel management can install surveillance cameras or hire more security guards to ensure the safety of guests and their valuables. In addition to anticipating risk factors, the hotel should communicate proper warning to guests to make them aware of the safety threats identified. Finally, hotels have also the responsibility to maintain their properties properly. To illustrate, easy access windows and faulty door locks may s ometimes assist criminals to break into rooms. Hence, the hotel management has to make certain that its properties are managed properly. In the Freda case, there is a possibility to argue that the Gullies Hotel management did not take adequate measures to ensure the safety of the guest’s valuable even though the management has been aware of the theft issues within the hotel environment. However, it must be noted that the Gullies’ management had arranged special facilities at the reception for keeping the valuables of their clients. Despite theft warning and special security facilities, Freda left the hotel leaving cash and expensive jewelries in her room and this negligence resulted in the theft of her valuables. Question 2 The doctrine of precedent is one of the fundamental and oldest features of the English legal system. In addition, it is considered to be the heart of the common law system. â€Å"The doctrine of precedent states that a decision made by a court in o ne case is binding on other courts in later cases involving similar facts† (as qtd in Harris199). The most potential benefit of the doctrine of precedent is that it promotes uniformity within the law. More precisely, it meets the general conception of justice by treating similar cases in the similar manner. The basic concepts of the doctrine of precedent have been well stated and are easy to understand. According to this doctrine, as Harris points out, all courts must adhere to the previous decisions made by superior courts in similar cases. The second rule of the doctrine of precedent sates that current decisions made by courts will be applied to all future cases which have similar facts (199-200). However, law experts argue that this feature may lead to interpretation difficulties for the courts. As discussed already, adherence to precedent is helpful to maintain a system of stable laws, which in turn promotes the predictability of laws and provides individuals with a greate r degree of security. As legal advisors point out, the doctrine of precedent is essential to make certain that laws develop in accordance with changing views of the society only and hence laws clearly reflect morals and expectations of the society as well. Since the doctrine of

Building the Boeing 787 Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Building the Boeing 787 Case Study - Essay Example The initial developmental time for launch of Boeing was six years and overall development cost was estimated to be 10 billion dollars. With the introduction of the unconventional supply chain, the estimated development time reduced to 6 years and cost went down to 6 billion dollars. The manufacturing and supply cost was reduced and financial risk was spread among suppliers. The major advantage of outsourcing was gained in terms of expertise in areas of operations. Different parts of the aircraft were outsourced to those businesses which were expert in that area. This ensured production of best quality parts and maintenance of world standards. For example, most of the engines manufacturing were outsourced to General Electric and Rolls Royce, who have mastered the art of advanced engineering in the present competitive world. For Boeing 787, the company outsourced around 70 percent of its business which ensured a lot of cost savings. This cost was put into other areas such as marketing, brand building and launch campaigns for the aircraft. Most of the supplier’s relationship was based on contacts and Boeing had special contracts with tier-1 suppliers. A strict supplier relationship helped in maintaining the time frame for production and shipping of the parts, which helped in timely installation and development. Thus by outsourcing more, Boeing was able to reduce the development cost to a significant level (Wanke, 2004). This was done by leveraging the capabilities of the suppliers. In order to maintain coordination and collaboration between its suppliers, Boeing also established a web-based technology which helped in increasing supply chain visibility and improving overall integration and control of the supply chain business. Reduction in financial risks Most of the outsourced suppliers were in contracts with the company. The company also established risk sharing contracts with each of its suppliers. Under this contact, the final payment will be given only after the successful launch of

Treatment of Down Syndrome using Haloperidol

Treatment of Down Syndrome using Haloperidol CLINICAL RESEARCH FACILITY APPLICATION Q1 Details of Main Contact: Title Name: Haloperidol in Down Syndrome and Sivaram Kumar Sivalingam Pandiyarajan Q2 Study title Treatment of Down Syndrome using Haloperidol Q3 Please provide an abstract or brief synopsis of the proposed study (Max 250 words). Haloperidol is an antipsychotic drug which exhibits high affinity towards dopamine D2 receptor antagonism. It also shows a slow receptor dissociation kinetics which is similar to phenothiazines. The drug is used in the treatment of schizophrenia were polymorphisms in the dopamine receptor genes showed the presence of psychotic phenomena or aggressive behavior. Down syndrome (DS) increases the risk of Alzheimers disease (AD) by 15% for the people who live 40 years are long. Problems related to behavior are not a general issue as in other syndromes associated with intellectual disability. 30% of children with DS have a mental illness. Anxiety and depression in early adulthood may develop for the people with DS. Studies indicate that polymorphisms in dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) and dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3) genes in late-onset AD exhibit symptoms of psychotic phenomena or aggressive behavior in people. Haloperidol suppresses the ionic imbalance by blocking the beta-amyloid-induced ele vation of calcium in Alzheimer cells which showed a significant decrease in calcium cells. Studies also indicate that the symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in DS also showed the effects of executive function in children with DS about the dopamine receptor DRD4 gene linked to ADHD in people with DS. Hence, it is hypothesized that haloperidol can be used in the treatment of Down syndrome. Indicate your Word Count (Max 250 words). 215 Q4 Please outline what question(s) the study is designed to answer/primary measure of outcome (Max 150 words). The primary outcome of the study is to reduce the relapse of patients into psychosis due to down syndrome (DS). Reduction of relapse in DS due to psychotic breakdown which occurs similarly as in schizophrenia which indicates the activity of haloperidol in the prevention of diseases prognosis. During the study, details for questions such as the how the effect of haloperidol action on dopamine receptors reduce disease prognosis of DS, What is the mechanism of action of haloperidol in the treatment of DS?, Does haloperidol prevents the prognosis of DS by intervening the mechanism involved in Alzheimers disease (AD) or Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?, Etc. Indicate your Word Count (Max 150 words). 105 Q5 Indicate clearly how you will perform the study (include methods, materials, number of patients, demographics, statistics and all other matter that you consider important) (Max 1500 words). Haloperidol is an ethically approved drug which is already on the market and used for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute psychosis, Tourette syndrome, bipolar disorder, etc. Since haloperidol is ethically approved direct administration of the drug to the patients who have down syndrome (DS) can be performed, and observation study can be conducted. Human materials such as primary cell culture and organotrophic culture from a patient are required for the detailed understanding of the mechanism of action involved in the treatment of DS using Haloperidol. The mechanism of action should be compared with the Alzheimers disease (AD) and Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to analyze the effect on DS. Researchers have estimated that out of 1200 people one will suffer from DS in the United States this includes children, teens, and adults. Children with DS usually do not have mental retardation and a psychiatric disorder. 18% to 38% of children with DS currently have a possibili ty for the prevalence of the neurobehavioral and psychiatric disorder. During one of the research studies conducted regarding DS, determined that a pre-pubertal onset be found for children with DS presenting in the post-pubertal period which is the unique vulnerability period for specific psychiatric disorders. The Study Design is performed by randomized allocation where a parallel interventional model of drug assignment is proposed. The subject, investigator and outcome assessor are masked from the drug and placebo treatment using a double-blind method to achieve high efficiency and less interference. The primary purpose remained to be the treatment of the disease. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for the participants for involving the study was neglected of age (18 to 64 years) and sex (Male, Female, and others) as a criterion. In the inclusion criteria, the patient should be primarily diagnosed with DS and should be hospitalized with Standard Trisomy 21, Translocation, and Mosaicism DS. The patient should have been diagnosed with the illness for at least one year and should have gone psychological evaluations. At the most, the patient should be able to drop off of any antipsychotic medication for a period. There are two phases in the study of Haloperidol on DS. The DS outpatients who meet criteria for inclusion and exclusion is allowed to enter the Phase 1. A flexible dose of Haloperidol 1-5mg is given to the patients for 20 weeks of open acute treatment phase 1. An oral dose of 1 mg of Haloperidol is given daily, where the dose is titrated until the optimal dose is reached with an increase of 1 mg per titration. The optimal dose is fixed based on the optimal trade-off between side effects and efficacy. Phase 1 looks for patients who meet the criteria for clinical response and another exit the protocol and are treated with alternative medications openly. The patients who responded well in phase 1 are taken into Phase 2, where the random assignment of placebo-controlled continuation trial takes place for 24 weeks. Based on the severity and presence of psychosis the randomization is stratified where half of the patients takes haloperidol, and other patients receive a placebo. The Patient s who relapse with psychosis during Phase B will exit the protocol and receive extensive treatment. To attain the statistical significance and to achieve a normal distribution the alpha value is set as 0.1 and small minimum sample size of 99 participants is required to pilot this study. Repeated measures ANOVA is to be conducted at three major time-points in the week 10, week 20 and baseline. This analytic strategy is to be used to measures the efficacy as well as side effects, global cognition, and activities of daily living. Indicate your Word Count (Max 1500 words). 603 Q6 Indicate clearly the need to work with human materials for this research in terms of ethical approvals (Max 200 words). Haloperidol is an ethically approved drug which is already on the market and used for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute psychosis, Tourette syndrome, bipolar disorder, etc. Researchers have estimated that out of 1200 people one will suffer from Down syndrome in the United States this includes children, teens, and adults. Hence, the need of drug for the treatment of down syndrome (DS) is raising. Since haloperidol is ethically approved direct administration of the drug to the patients who have DS can be performed, and observation study can be conducted. The study requires less attention of rules and guidelines for ethical issues. Since there is no proper animal model for DS and obtaining, culturing, and preservation of primary cell culture and organotrophic culture from patients with DS is tough. Hence the need for human clinical trials is necessary for testing the drug haloperidol for the treatment of DS. Indicate your Word Count (Max 200 words). 147

Images and Imagery of Blood in Shakespeares Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Imagery Of Blood In Macbeth Macbeth, the dramatic play written by William Shakespeare has many good examples of imagery, especially blood. The imagery of blood is very important in 'Macbeth'. It symbolizes honor and bravery and also deceit and evil.   The play opens with the weird sisters talking about meeting again and talking about Macbeth. A war has just ended, making Macbeth a Brave hero because he is the general of the Scottish army and they won. Macbeth is the thane of Glamis, and then becomes the Thane of Cawdor. The weird sisters make many predictions to Macbeth, all of which come true. Macbeth makes the last prediction come true by killing King Duncan. In the beginning of the play blood is something of honor and bravery and symbolizes good and victory. The blood on Macbeth's sword after the war shows him to be a brave hero because of the enemy he killed. He is known as "Brave Macbeth" to everyone including King Duncan. His bravery earns him the title of Thane of Cawdor, because the thane of Cawdor was executed for treason. The blood at the beginning of the play earns Macbeth respect and a title. Macbeth is feeling very guilty about the murder of King Duncan and Banquo. " With all great Neptune's ocean wash this blood clean from my hand? No, this my hand will rather the multitudinous seas in carnadine, making the green one red", shows the great guilt that blood represents at this point in the play. What Macbeth means is that with all of the water in the ocean could not wash his hands clean from the deed he has just done. If he where to try and wash his hands in the ocean it would turn it red because there is so much blood on his hands. Not only does Macbeth feel guilty about the Murder of King Duncan but he also feels very guilty about the murder of Banquo. He sees Banquo's ghost and his bloody head. Blood represents a lot of guilt for Lady Macbeth near the end of the play. During the play Lady Macbeth is the one who tries to keep Macbeth sane and keep from breaking. She tells him that he is not a man and things around that nature to try and help he be stronger and stay in control about the murder of King Duncan.

Evolution and History of Cooking Essay

The value of history is that it helps us to understand the present and the future. In food service, knowledge of our professional heritage helps us to see why we do things as we do, how our cooking techniques have developed and refined and how we can continue to develop and innovate in the years ahead. THE EGYPTIANS: †¢ First recorded instance of inn-keeping †¢ Generally managed by mother and father operations †¢ Most food was from their own gardens and flocks †¢ Meals consisted of mainly dates, figs, apricots, fish, chicken, duck, onions and red cabbage. †¢ Cooking media was largely olive oil. †¢ Poorer inns served predominantly ‘pulses’ that is soups made from a base of lentils. THE GREEKS: †¢ Ancient Greeks were the next who left written and pictorial records of eating, drinking and sleeping away from home †¢ Culinary world owes much of its knowledge to the Greeks †¢ Almost all of the foods purchased and prepared today, as well as many types of beverages, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic were used during middle and Late Greek times. †¢ The oldest cookbook preserved today is that of â€Å"Apicius† written sometime between400 BC and 100 AD depending upon the historical source. †¢ This book contains not only detailed instructions for preparing the cuisine of that day, but also rigid specifications for purchasing foodstuffs †¢ The art and cookery then spread to the Roman chefs of that day who were both negatively as well as positively motivated to learn the art of cooking food. †¢ The Greeks are also credited for developing the first comprehensive set of kitchen utensils and equipment †¢ Tools like frying pans, sauce pans, colanders, Bain Marie and butcher’s knives are being used even today. THE ROMANS: †¢ During this time, a group of scholars were sent to Greece to study literature and arts, including culinary arts †¢ Many of the finest Greek chefs were lured away and were treated as professionals worthy of the highest respect and esteem. †¢ The best of Greek culinary achievements were brought to Rome and were integrated into the Roman culture. THE FRENCH: †¢ The marriage of Catherine de Medici to King Henry has brought a whole battalion of Florentine cooks to France. †¢ In the 17th and 18th Century, the Royalty and high ranking people started taking great interest in foods and the cooks in gratitude started naming the dishes after them. †¢ By the end of the 19th century, French culinary art reached its peak, the highest point of perfection. †¢ Chefs like Escoffier and Prosper Salles etc published books on cookery, which had fat reaching importance and are known throughout the world today. †¢ France’s contribution to the international culinary repertoire is well known and has bestowed her own names on the majority of dishes creating technical terminology of international usage. †¢ Every ingredient speaks its own language. The most important role is to use only the best and perfect ingredients and proper blend of colour and taste of ingredients. †¢ Garnishes and accompaniments play a key role in French cuisine and dishes are identified by them. CHINESE COOKING: †¢ Chinese culture is the oldest continuous civilization in the world. †¢ In china, friendship and food are inseparably linked, a gathering without food is considered incomplete and improper. †¢ One thousand years ago, before BC, they were already experimenting with fancy cooking, recording their recipes on silk and bamboo. †¢ Considered the best in the Eastern world, they have been gastronomically courageous, setting no limits to their experiments. †¢ They put everything edible to use, finding wonderful ways to utilize strange plants and roots like lily buds, bamboo shoots, jasmine etc. †¢ Strong sense of artistry is expressed in Chinese cooking. †¢ Chinese cooking needs the shortest time, uses intense heat sealing the juices and preserving colour and texture. †¢ Regional cuisines of China include: Cantonese, Sichuan, Hunan, Fukien and Xhanhung. INDIAN COOKING: †¢ Indian cuisine can be said to have evolved along lines parallel to Indian history †¢ Bhima, the Pandava prince and Nala, a King in Hindu Mythology have been acclaimed to be the best chefs. †¢ Strong impact made on Indian cuisine was during the reign of Moghals in the 16th Century, who were fond of good living, eating and cooking. †¢ The regional dishes are influenced in different parts of India by religion, caste and old traditions and customs. †¢ The preparations of various dishes are handed over from one generation to the next †¢ Indian cuisine can be broadly classified into North Indian and South Indian Cuisines.

An Interactive Food Web Game for the Classroom

An Interactive Food Web Game for the Classroom AÂ  food web diagram illustrates links among species in an ecosystem according to who eats what and shows how species depend on one another for survival. When studying an endangered species, scientists must learn about more than just one rare animal. They have to consider the animals entire food web in order to help protect it from the threat of extinction. In this classroom challenge, student scientists work together to simulate an endangered food web. By assuming the roles of linked organisms in an ecosystem, kids will actively observe interdependence and explore the repercussions of breaking vital links. Difficulty: Average Time Required: 45 minutes (one class period) Here's How Write the names of organisms from a food web diagram on note cards. If there are more students in the class than species, duplicate lower level species (there are generally more plants, insects, fungi, bacteria, and small animals in an ecosystem than large animals). Endangered species are assigned only one card each.Each student draws one organism card. Students announce their organisms to the class and discuss the roles they play within the ecosystem.One student with an endangered species card holds a ball of yarn. Using the food web diagram as a guide, this student will hold the end of the yarn and toss the ball to a classmate, explaining how the two organisms interact.The recipient of the ball will keep hold of the yarn strand and toss the ball to another student, explaining their connection. The yarn toss will continue until every student in the circle is holding at least one strand of yarn.When all organisms are connected, observe the complex web that has been formed by the yarn . Are there even more connections than students expected? Single out the endangered species (or the most critically endangered if there are more than one), and cut the yarn strand(s) that are being held by that student. This represents extinction. The species has been removed from the ecosystem forever.Discuss how the web collapses when the yarn is cut, and identify which species appear to be most affected. Speculate about what might happen to other species in the web when one organism goes extinct. For example, if the extinct animal was a predator, its prey may become overpopulated and deplete other organisms in the web. If the extinct animal was a prey species, then predators that relied on it for food may also go extinct. Tips Grade Level: 4 to 6 (ages 9 to 12)Examples of endangered species food webs: Sea Otter, Polar Bear, Pacific Salmon, Hawaiian Birds, and Atlantic Spotted DolphinBe ready to look up different species on the internet or in textbooks to answer questions about an organisms role in the ecosystem.Offer a large-sized food web diagram that all students can see (such as an overhead projector image), or pass out one food web diagram to each student for reference during the challenge. What You Need Food web diagram for an endangered species (See examples in Tips section.)Index cardsMarker or penBall of yarnScissors

Personal Reflection Essay

Personal Reflection Essay Personal Reflection Essay Courtney Simmons AP English Due: February 1, 2013 Reflection When I was in tenth grade my baby brother, Carter, was born. However, this was three months before his actual due date. This event caused a big effect on my life; I fell behind in school as my parents stayed in Albany for 3 months to be with him. On September 26, 2010, I was in New Jersey visiting a friend when my cousin, Michaela called me and told me her mom, my aunt, had to bring my mom to the hospital. Later that night, I found out my baby brother had been born, by an emergency caesarian section, weighing only 3 pounds and not breathing. He was rushed to Albany Medical where he stayed in the NICU until December. My parents both went to stay with him and all of my siblings stayed with my older brother. Being home by myself was lonely and I’ve always been very close with my mom, so every chance I got I would go to Albany to see her. I ended up falling behind on a lot of school work, being 15 and not having a parent there to make sure I made up everything I missed. When my parents and Carter came home, things definitely turned around. My whole family was back together, in one house, for the first time in almost three months. Going through this showed me not only the value of family, but also the importance to stay focused. Looking back I would’ve always tried harder in school, but especially at this time. However, I can’t change this now, so I’ve accepted it and used it as a lesson for the

Analysing strategic position for SMEs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Analysing strategic position for SMEs - Essay Example From the Deputy Managing Director of the company Vic Handley, the ground-engineering specialist Van Elle is concentrating on infrastructure and rail as 2015 kicks. Having invested 14.5 million pounds in the past two years in the company’s rail division and 8.5 million pounds is an indication of company-improved performance (Green, Larsen, and Kao, 2008). The financial director of the business, Paul Pearson the rail sector is a recession-proof due to the budgets of the Network Rail. In addition, he adds that there is much to do in those markets that the company is trying to map their investment to their opportunities and growth. From that, it can clearly be that the company is focusing on planning their investment to their growth and opportunities that are good (March 2009). The company is also moving in a positive direction since regional expansion is on the minds of many SMEs, and Van Elle is the company is looking to expand into new areas. The company is also increasing their operations in the burgeoning area of Scotland due to the established services in Wales and England which is a right direction (Kao, Green, and Larsen, 2009). The PESTLE analysis is a detailed view of the environment a business is in. It can also be to a bird’s eye view where the company or a person tries to ascertain certain trends of the market from a macroeconomic perspective. The factors are a primary determinant of strategic development and define how conducive an environment is within which a business struggles to thrive. Therefore, it is important to construct an environmental analysis for Van Elle. The analysis may help to assess several factors in the macro environment and to identify how future issues might affect the company (Haberberg and Rieple, 2007).The primary questions to be for consideration in the Environmental Analysis include; Entails

Edouard Manets Olympia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Edouard Manets Olympia - Essay Example However, young Edouard rebelled against the will of his father, who wanted for him to become a lawyer. He went to follow his passion of studying painting at the Louvre, and abroad in Holland and Italy.1 His work, constantly refused by the establishment, received the support of his close friend Baudelaire and was inspired by Velazquez, Rembrandt and Titian. Manet painted a wide variety of subjects (seascapes, still lifes, portraits, as well as urban, religious and historical scenes) and his most famous paintings are Musique aux Tuileries, Djeuner sur l'Herbe, Le Fifre, Un Bar aux Folies-Bergres and of course, Olympia. Supported by Emile Zola, he also painted his portrait in 1866.2 When he died in his early 50s, the Impressionists were making art that insisted it was of the moment - a train steaming out of a station, rain on the boulevard, Manet's art is at the forefront of this discovery of contemporary life during their time.3 To this day, numerous artists had begun to challenge the stale conventions of the Academy when Manet's Olympia was accepted for the Salon in 1865. Never had a work caused such scandal. Critics advised pregnant women to avoid the picture, and it was relegated to thwart vandals. She is not a remote goddess but emphatically in the present, easily recognized among the demimonde of prostitutes and dancehalls.4 Viewers were not used to the painting's flat space and shallow volumes. To many, Manet's "color patches" appeared unfinished. Even more shocking was the frank honesty of his courtesan: it was her boldness, not her nudity, that offended. Her languid pose copied a Titian Venus, but Manet did not cloak her with mythology. In Olympia's steady gaze there is no apology for sensuality and, for uncomfortable viewers, no escaping her "reality".5 Anthony Julius agrees with that premise of "escaping reality." In his book, Shock and art Transgressions: The Offenses of Arts (2001), he deems that such art succeeds by alienating people, exposing our prejudices, sabotaging our habits. So Manet's Olympia, a naked prostitute in a classic pose, stares back at us, unmasking the centuries of male dominance and voyeurism disguised as an interest in the artistic nude of myth and history. He claims that the purpose of the painter, which is to convey his artistry is concealed by the shock value and diminishes its semblance of value as an art. In Heschel's analysis of Geiger's study of the "Jewish Jesus" (1988), she draws an analogy to Manet's Olympia, whose direct stare at her audience discomforted a world used to the demure artistic portrayal of women and concluded that it was "unchristian" and making it less of a scholarly gaze. Geiger's Jewish study of Jesus unsettled the Christian, or at the very least culturally Christian, academic world. According to Heschel, by reversing the situation in which Christians, especially the biblical critics of the age, wrote about Judaism to one where Jews wrote about Christianity, Geiger made a major adjustment to the power relations between the two religions. Where Christian theologians excoriated Pharisees and Pharisaism, Geiger argued purposely that Jesus was a Pharisee par excellence; the ideal that Jesus preached so